Boundary Value Analysis Testing at the edges of valid input ranges where bugs cluster.
Open flashcard Equivalence Partitioning Dividing inputs into groups that should all behave identically.
Open flashcard Decision Table Testing Systematically testing all combinations of conditions and their resulting actions.
Open flashcard State Transition Testing Verifying system behaviour as it moves between defined states via events.
Open flashcard Use Case Testing Deriving test cases from actor–system interaction scenarios.
Open flashcard Error Guessing Intuitively targeting test cases at historically fault-prone areas.
Open flashcard Exploratory Testing Simultaneous learning, test design, and execution — guided by charter.
Open flashcard Statement Coverage Every executable statement is exercised at least once.
Open flashcard Branch Coverage Every decision outcome (true and false) is exercised at least once.
Open flashcard Path Coverage Every unique execution path through the code is exercised.
Open flashcard Mutation Testing Seeding deliberate code faults to evaluate whether tests catch them.
Open flashcard Smoke Testing A quick build-verification pass to confirm the core system is stable.
Open flashcard Sanity Testing A focused check that a specific fix or change works before full regression.
Open flashcard Regression Testing Re-running tests to confirm existing functionality still works after changes.
Open flashcard Integration Testing Verifying that separately built components work correctly together.
Open flashcard System Testing End-to-end testing of the fully integrated system against requirements.
Open flashcard User Acceptance Testing Business users validate the system meets acceptance criteria before go-live.
Open flashcard Defect Density Number of confirmed defects per unit of size (e.g., per KLOC or function point).
Open flashcard Test Coverage The degree to which a test suite exercises the system under test.
Open flashcard Bug Life Cycle The defined states a defect passes through from discovery to closure.
Open flashcard Performance Testing Beginner
Performance Testing Evaluating system speed, responsiveness, and stability under a workload.
Open flashcard Performance Testing Intermediate
Load Testing Testing system behaviour under expected peak user load.
Open flashcard Performance Testing Intermediate
Stress Testing Pushing a system beyond its limits to find the breaking point and recovery behaviour.
Open flashcard Security Testing Identifying vulnerabilities, threats, and risks in the system.
Open flashcard Usability Testing Evaluating ease of use by observing real users completing tasks.
Open flashcard Non-functional Intermediate
Accessibility Testing Verifying the system is usable by people with disabilities per WCAG standards.
Open flashcard Test-Driven Development Write a failing test first, then write just enough code to make it pass.
Open flashcard Behaviour-Driven Development Defining system behaviour in plain language (Given/When/Then) understood by all stakeholders.
Open flashcard Shift-Left Testing Moving testing activities earlier in the development lifecycle.
Open flashcard Risk-Based Testing Prioritising test effort based on the likelihood and impact of failure.
Open flashcard Mocking & Stubbing Replacing real dependencies with controlled test doubles.
Open flashcard Compatibility Testing Verifying the system works correctly across different environments, devices, and configurations.
Open flashcard Non-functional Intermediate
Reliability Testing Verifying a system performs consistently without failure over an extended period.
Open flashcard Page Object Model A design pattern that encapsulates page UI elements and actions behind a reusable class.
Open flashcard Flaky Test A test that produces inconsistent pass/fail results without any code changes.
Open flashcard Test Data Management Strategically creating, maintaining, and provisioning data needed to run reliable tests.
Open flashcard CI/CD Test Stage The point(s) in a CI/CD pipeline where automated tests run as a release gate.
Open flashcard Headless Browser Testing Running browser-based UI tests without rendering a visible browser window.
Open flashcard Data-Driven Testing Running the same test logic repeatedly against a table of different input/expected-output data.
Open flashcard Contract Testing Verifying that a service provider and its consumers agree on the shape of their API interactions.
Open flashcard Idempotency A property where making the same request multiple times produces the same result as making it once.
Open flashcard Status Code Validation Verifying an API returns the semantically correct HTTP status code for each scenario.
Open flashcard Schema Validation Verifying API responses (or requests) conform to a defined structural contract.
Open flashcard Webhook Testing Verifying asynchronous, server-initiated callbacks are sent, received, and processed correctly.
Open flashcard Rate Limiting Testing Verifying an API correctly throttles and rejects requests once a defined rate threshold is exceeded.
Open flashcard Performance Testing Advanced
Soak Testing Sustaining a moderate load over an extended duration to surface slow-building issues.
Open flashcard Performance Testing Advanced
Spike Testing Testing system behaviour under a sudden, sharp increase in load.
Open flashcard Performance Testing Intermediate
Latency vs Throughput Two distinct performance dimensions: how fast a single request completes vs how many requests the system handles.
Open flashcard Performance Testing Advanced
Scalability Testing Measuring whether performance scales proportionally as load or resources increase.
Open flashcard Performance Testing Intermediate
Volume Testing Testing system behaviour with large quantities of data rather than concurrent users.
Open flashcard Performance Testing Intermediate
Baseline & Benchmark Testing Establishing a known-good performance reference point to detect regressions over time.
Open flashcard Test Plan A document defining the scope, approach, resources, and schedule of testing activities.
Open flashcard Test Management Intermediate
Test Strategy The high-level, organisation-wide approach to testing that guides individual test plans.
Open flashcard Test Pyramid A model recommending many fast unit tests, fewer integration tests, and even fewer slow E2E tests.
Open flashcard Test Management Intermediate
Traceability Matrix A document mapping requirements to test cases to confirm complete coverage.
Open flashcard Test Management Intermediate
Entry/Exit Criteria The defined conditions that must be met to start, and to conclude, a test phase.
Open flashcard Severity vs Priority Two independent defect attributes: technical impact (severity) vs urgency to fix (priority).
Open flashcard Security Testing Intermediate
SQL Injection An attack that injects malicious SQL through unsanitised input to manipulate a database.
Open flashcard Security Testing Intermediate
Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) An attack that injects malicious scripts into pages viewed by other users.
Open flashcard OWASP Top 10 A standard awareness document listing the ten most critical web application security risks.
Open flashcard Penetration Testing An authorised, simulated attack performed to identify exploitable security weaknesses.
Open flashcard Security Testing Intermediate
Authentication vs Authorization Testing Verifying separately who a user is (authentication) and what they're allowed to do (authorization).
Open flashcard Security Testing Intermediate
Sensitive Data Exposure Verifying sensitive data is properly protected in transit, at rest, and in application responses.
Open flashcard AI Augmented Testing Intermediate
AI-Generated Test Cases Using AI models to draft test cases or test scripts from requirements, code, or UI exploration.
Open flashcard AI Augmented Testing Intermediate
Visual Regression with AI Using AI-based perceptual comparison to detect meaningful visual UI changes while ignoring noise.
Open flashcard AI Augmented Testing Advanced
Self-Healing Locators AI-assisted element locators that automatically adapt when a UI's structure changes.
Open flashcard AI Augmented Testing Advanced
LLM-as-Judge Test Oracles Using a large language model to evaluate whether an actual output semantically matches the expected result.
Open flashcard AI Augmented Testing Intermediate
Synthetic Test Data Generation Using AI/generative models to produce realistic but artificial test data at scale.
Open flashcard AI Augmented Testing Advanced
Predictive Test Selection Using ML models to predict and run only the tests most likely to catch a regression from a given change.
Open flashcard 